Wat Chana Songkhram

Wat Chana Songkhram, also known as the abandoned historical site G.7, is located in Muang Kao Subdistrict, Mueang Sukhothai District, Sukhothai Province. It is one of the significant historical sites within the Sukhothai Historical Park, situated approximately 150 meters north of Wat Mahathat and along the southern edge of Trakuan Pond. This location offers a serene atmosphere, blending historical charm with natural beauty. Originally, Wat Chana Songkhram was called Wat Ratchaburana. Although there is no evidence of the temple’s name on stone inscriptions, it is mentioned in “Touring Phra Ruang City,” a royal chronicle by King Vajiravudh (Rama VI), which states, “…to the north of Wat Mahathat, along the temple that is commonly called Wat Chana Songkhram…”

 

The main highlight of this site is the large bell-shaped chedi constructed entirely of bricks, representing the Sukhothai bell-shaped style. The chedi features three inverted lotus (bua thala) layers at its base, followed by lotus petals at the bell mouth, the bell-shaped body, the pedestal, the chatra stem, and the pinnacle. This architectural style reflects the delicate and refined artistry characteristic of Sukhothai craftsmanship.

 

To the east of the temple lies the vihara base, and the ubosot base is uniquely situated in the middle of water, demonstrating creative adaptation to the landscape. Smaller surrounding chedis complement the main stupa, and the layout is particularly noteworthy with small chedi viman flanking the main chedi to the east, resembling the design seen at Wat Chedi Chet Thaeo in Si Satchanalai. This feature likely represents later additions after Sukhothai was incorporated into the Ayutthaya Kingdom.

 

Although Wat Chana Songkhram is now an abandoned site, its architectural beauty remains evident. The large bell-shaped chedi stands majestically, surrounded by the ubosot in water and other complementary structures arranged in an orderly fashion. The site not only served as a religious center in the past but also reflects the Sukhothai period’s artistry, with the chedi and vihara construction illustrating the religious beliefs and architectural expertise of the era.

 

The large bell-shaped chedi of Wat Chana Songkhram is a prime example of Sukhothai-style stupas, distinct from other central and northern Thai chedis due to its harmonious proportion between the bell body and the pedestal, along with the intricately designed chatra and pinnacle. The inverted lotus and lotus petals further highlight the refined artistry of Sukhothai craftsmanship.

 

The surrounding area enhances the site’s geographical and environmental significance. Located along Trakuan Pond, the temple provides a scenic, tranquil setting, while the layout of the main chedi surrounded by smaller stupas and flanked by chedi viman reflects Buddhist beliefs and local cultural traditions. The small chedis flanking the eastern side of the main chedi likely indicate Ayutthaya-era influences after Sukhothai became part of the kingdom.

 

Wat Chana Songkhram thus demonstrates the historical significance of Sukhothai as an ancient capital and serves as a cultural tourism destination for both Thai and international visitors. It allows visitors to explore Sukhothai architecture, temple layout, and Buddhist beliefs of the past, while experiencing the calm and serene atmosphere that remains around this abandoned historical site.

 

This temple is a clear representation of Sukhothai art and Buddhist beliefs, with its meticulous construction and distinctive layout making it one of the important sites within Sukhothai Historical Park. It continues to attract visitors interested in history, culture, and Thai architecture, while preserving its historical and artistic value for future generations.