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The Naga Dan Festival: Reviving and Preserving Cultural Heritage in Nakhon Si Thammarat The Naga Dan Festival is a significant cultural heritage of Nakhon Si Thammarat, reflecting beliefs and rituals tied to both Brahmanism and Buddhism. Its revival not only helps preserve cultural heritage but also promotes tourism and strengthens community spirit in Nakhon Si Thammarat.

 

Originating from Brahmanical beliefs, the festival commemorates the arrival of Lord Shiva to test the world's stability and bestow blessings for peace and safety. The festival involves inviting four deities—Sun, Moon, Earth, and Ganges—to welcome Lord Shiva, also known as "Naga Dan."

 

The festival was discontinued in 1932 but was revived in 2001. It was incorporated into the Songkran Festival to preserve the belief and tradition, and the Naga Dan Festival is now celebrated on April 14 each year.

 

Significance of Naga Dan Naga Dan, or "Naga Kadarn," refers to large wooden boards intricately carved with images of Brahmanical deities. The three main panels are:

Sun and Moon: Representing light and energy essential for life.

Earth: Symbolizing abundance and support for all things.

Ganges: Signifying moisture and fertility.

 

Preparation: The preparation includes decorating the procession and setting up the Naga Dan panels for the ceremony.

 

Procession: The festival starts with the Naga Dan panels being placed on palanquins, accompanied by traditional music such as the Pi Nok, Gong Khaek, and Gong. The procession moves from the city's field to the Shiva Pavilion, with lantern bearers and musicians leading the way.

 

Loa Ching Cha Ceremony: This involves reenacting the ancient "loi ching cha" ritual, showcasing the legend and traditional dance, along with water splashing to celebrate.

 

Post-Ceremony: After the festivities, the deities are sent back to their celestial abodes, and a subsequent ritual, the Tri Vay, welcomes Lord Vishnu.

 

In 2024, the festival will be held under the name “Naga Dan Grand Festival of Nakhon” on April 14. The event will include both the Naga Dan ceremony and the Loa Ching Cha ritual, continuing the tradition and celebrating the ancient Brahmanical rites.

 

The Naga Dan Festival is a vital part of Nakhon Si Thammarat’s cultural heritage, reflecting deep religious and cultural beliefs. Its revival helps maintain historical traditions, fosters community unity, and promotes tourism, highlighting the importance of cultural preservation in Nakhon Si Thammarat.