Chon Buri attractions

Attractions in Thailand

Operating day: Daily

Operating time: 08.00 - 17.00

Ancient Rectangular Pond is a significant historical site located in Ban Sa Si Liam, Sa Si Liam Subdistrict, Phanat Nikhom District, Chonburi Province. It is a vital piece of evidence reflecting the settlement of an ancient community during the Dvaravati period, dating back to around the 7th–11th centuries CE (13th–17th Buddhist centuries). In the past, this area served as an essential center of life, with the pond being a crucial water source for daily use, agriculture, and religious ceremonies. The pond was constructed entirely from laterite and is rectangular in shape, measuring approximately 12 meters wide, 15 meters long, and over 2 meters deep. Its construction demonstrates the advanced skills and technology of ancient people, as the laterite blocks were cut vertically with remarkable precision, creating perfectly straight and smooth edges that resemble machine-cut stone, which is truly astonishing.

The Fine Arts Department surveyed and officially registered the Ancient Rectangular Pond as a historical site on March 8, 1931, as announced in the Royal Gazette, Volume 52, page 3684. This site represents the cultural and historical significance of the Phanat Nikhom area and its neighboring ancient communities. Historically, the site was connected to other ancient cities, such as Phra Rot City at Na Phra That Subdistrict, Si Mahosot Ancient City in Prachin Buri Province, and other settlements from the same Dvaravati period. Traces of ancient routes remain visible today, including ancient canals and dirt roads linking Na Phra That, the rectangular pond, and neighboring districts such as Phanom Sarakham in Chachoengsao Province.

Local legends are deeply tied to this pond. It is believed that Phra Rot, a heroic figure from the tale of Phra Rot Meri, excavated the pond to provide water for his prized fighting cocks. Another story tells of Phra Rot traveling to Dong Noi Subdistrict in Prachin Buri to engage in a cockfighting match against King U Thong U Thai, with entire cities wagered as stakes. These legends give the pond a mythical significance, intertwining history and folklore, and have become an integral part of the community's cultural identity.

Archaeological evidence found at the site includes human footprints embedded in the stone on the northern edge of the pond, offering tangible proof of ancient human activity. On the western side of the pond, there was once a stone staircase with 12 steps leading down to the water. However, in 1969, the Royal Irrigation Department dug a canal from Tha Lat in Phanom Sarakham District, which passed near the pond. Soil excavation during this project buried part of the staircase, leaving only a small portion visible today.

Historical records from 1829, during the reign of King Rama III of the Rattanakosin period, reveal that people migrated from Na Phra That to settle in this area. They were later joined by Chinese settlers who established homes and shops around the pond, turning the area into a bustling local market known as “Noen Talad” or “Der Talad.” This marked the revival of the community after it had been abandoned for centuries.

Ancient Rectangular Pond holds significance not only as a historical relic but also as evidence of ancient water management and urban planning. Archaeologists have identified an ancient road network, known as Phra Rot Road, which connected major cities in the region. It is believed that a stone platform, possibly used for religious rituals, once stood near the pond, though it has since been lost over time.

Traveling to the Ancient Rectangular Pond is convenient. From Bangkok, take Motorway No. 7 heading toward Chonburi. Then, turn onto Highway No. 344 (Ban Bueng–Klaeng Road) toward Phanat Nikhom District. Once in Phanat Nikhom, continue along Highway No. 315, following clear signs directing travelers to Sa Si Liam Subdistrict. The total distance is approximately 100–120 kilometers and takes about 1.5 to 2 hours by car. For those using public transportation, vans and buses operate from Bangkok to Phanat Nikhom. From there, local songthaews or motorcycle taxis are available to take visitors directly to the site. The pond is located close to a local community and market area, making it easily accessible year-round.

Today, the Ancient Rectangular Pond remains an important historical and cultural tourism destination in Chonburi Province. It attracts archaeologists, historians, and visitors interested in exploring traces of the Dvaravati civilization and understanding the way of life of ancient communities. The site also serves as an educational resource, helping future generations appreciate the importance of preserving ancient water resources and cultural heritage. Maintaining and protecting the pond ensures that it continues to serve as a living testament to the ingenuity, spirituality, and legacy of Thailand’s ancient past.

Ancient Rectangular Pond Map